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Higher education plays a vital role in raising income, moderating income inequality, and increasing economic growth and global competitiveness. But U.S. higher education attainment continues to lag for lower-income and underrepresented-minority students, particularly at the colleges and universities that have the most resources and the highest graduation rates.

The nation’s military veterans are an example of an underrepresented group at these well-resourced institutions. Only one in 10 veterans using GI Bill benefits enrolls in a selective four-year institution, while approximately one in three veterans using GI Bill benefits attends a for-profit institution. This report explores the reasons behind these inequities.